Why do people offend, and how can social policy help create safer, fairer communities? Our Criminology with Offending Behaviour and Social Policy explores the causes of crime and offending. It examines how criminal justice systems, rehabilitation services, and social policies respond to some of society’s most pressing challenges. You’ll develop a strong foundation in criminological theory before investigating issues such as violence, victimisation, imprisonment, rehabilitation, social inequality, and the wider social factors that shape criminal behaviour.
This course is subject to validation. You can still apply for this course while it is being approved.
Crime does not occur in isolation. It is shaped by social, economic, political, and personal factors, and understanding offending requires looking beyond individual actions to the wider influences that affect behaviour and life opportunities. This degree explores how crime develops, how individuals can be supported to desist from offending, and how social policy can contribute to safer and more inclusive communities.
Throughout the course, you will critically examine the relationship between crime, justice, and social change, considering how policy decisions influence offending, victimisation, and community safety. You will also explore how race, poverty, inequality, discrimination, and social disadvantage shape experiences of crime and justice, developing a deeper understanding of contemporary criminal justice challenges and the role of policy in creating fairer outcomes.
You’ll analyse how power, inequality, and disadvantage affect opportunities and outcomes within society. Through work-related learning and an independent research project, you’ll apply criminological knowledge to real-world issues while preparing for careers in probation, rehabilitation services, community justice, policy development, victim support, and the wider criminal justice sector.
A key feature of the programme is its focus on real-world application and employability. Through the second-year Professional Placement module and third-year Professional Learning Through Work module, you’ll gain practical experience, apply your knowledge in professional settings, and develop workplace-ready skills valued across the criminal justice sector.
You’ll learn from experienced academics with expertise across criminology, policing, investigations, safeguarding, victim support, and criminal justice practice.
Why study with us?
Explore crime and social justice - Understand how inequality, poverty, and social issues shape crime and justice responses.
Understand offending behaviour - Gain insight and engage with criminological and psychosocial perspectives into why people offend, with a focus on rehabilitation and real-world outcomes.
Link policy and practice - Examine how criminal justice systems, social policy, and community safety work together.
Build career-ready skills - Develop knowledge and prepare for roles in probation, offender rehabilitation, policy development, community justice, social intervention, and third-sector organisations.
Our achievements
Ranked 7th in the UK for Student Satisfaction
Sociology discipline (which includes Criminology) Subject League table, The Complete University Guide 2027, released June 2026
3rd in Yorkshire for Teaching among universities in the UK included for Sociology
National Student Survey 2025
2nd in Yorkshire for Learning Opportunities among universities in the UK included for Sociology
National Student Survey 2025
2nd in Yorkshire for Academic Support among universities in the UK included for Sociology
National Student Survey 2025
Course modules
You will study a variety of modules across your programme of study. The module details given below are subject to change and are the latest example of the curriculum available on this course of study.
Year 1
During your first year, you'll study five core modules.
Offending Behaviour and Social Policy – Core
Introduction to Criminology – Core
Explore and examine the origins of criminology, some of its historical debates, concepts, literature and research.
You'll look at the core perspectives and theories related to crime and criminality.
Find out about the history and development of criminology as an academic discipline.
Violence in Society – Core
Explore criminological understandings and situations of violence in society.
We'll cover the types, characteristics, and forms of violence and violent acts within society.
You'll distinguish between individual acts to organised actions of groups and states, all whilst unpacking the ambiguous content and perception of violence.
You'll give due consideration to the frequently neglected victims of violence.
The module framework includes criminology, sociology, psychology, law, cultural studies, political science and sociobiology.
Academic and Research Skills – Core
Career Development in Criminology – Core
Year 2
During your second year, you'll study five core modules.
Imprisonment to Rehabilitation – Core
Explore the theory of desistance and the concept of rehabilitation within the practice of the criminal justice system, particularly in relation to the prison system and probation delivery.
You’ll be given an overview of offender management in prisons and the community in England and Wales, as well as the opportunities to critically examine the management, treatment and control of individuals processed through the system and the pressures it faces.
You’ll draw up on a range of lived experience perspectives to support your learning, alongside a recognition of wider policy and political climates through case study examples.
Victims, Harm and Justice – Core
Crime, Media and Digital Justice – Core
Research Methods in Criminology – Core
Criminology in Practice: Careers and Competencies – Core
Year 3
During your final year, you'll study three core modules and will be required to choose two option modules, one worth 30 credits and one worth 15 credits.
Professional Learning Through Work – Core
You'll have a flexible range of opportunities to enhance your professional skills and graduate opportunities as this module will be tailored to each student's development.
You'll apply the theoretical understanding you've been developing throughout your degree to a chosen professional context. This could include a work-based project or skills development approach where you will identify and address specific gaps in your portfolio of graduate-level skills.
Criminology with Offending Behaviour and Social Policy Research Project – Core
Tackling Crime Through Social Policy – Core
Global Challenges and Social Futures (30 credits) – Optional
Organised Crime (30 credits) – Optional
Crimes of the 21st Century (30 credits) – Optional
Youth Offending and Victim Support (15 credits) – Optional
Criminalised Women (15 credits) – Optional
Criminal Deaths and Society's Grief (15 credits) – Optional
Intelligence, Security and the British State – Optional
You'll develop an understanding of the role of intelligence agencies in combating insecurity in Britain since 1900. You'll gain an understanding of the role of the British Security Services, Police and Military since the the beginning of the 20th Century, examining critically the changing nature of the threat posed to the British state. You will focus on the way institutions have adapted to varying security concerns from German or Soviet spies, the Troubles in Northern Ireland and the more recent emergence of Terrorism and State Interference. You will also examine the complexity of securitisation within a democratic political framework.
This module focuses on the evolution of security studies as a discipline and its implications for practice. You'll examine a variety of theoretical and empirical materials in order to analyse pressing questions related to issues of war, security and peace in the world today.
Learning and teaching
Assessment
A variety of assessment methods are used, matched to the learning outcomes for your programme, allowing you to apply and demonstrate the full range of knowledge and skills that you have developed.
For more details on specific assessment methods for this course contact hello@leedstrinity.ac.uk
Programme delivery
Your time on campus, learning through in-person teaching, is at the heart of your academic experience and the way we deliver our programmes. This is supported and further enhanced by additional engagement activities and opportunities provided online and through digital teaching materials. This blended approach seeks to ensure a positive learning and teaching student experience.
Your programme of study has been carefully designed around a three-phase model of delivery:
Preparation: You will be given clear tasks to support you in preparing for live teaching. This could include watching a short-pre-recorded lecture, reading a paper or text chapter or preparing other material for use in class.
Live: All your live teaching will be designed around active learning, providing you with valuable opportunities to build on preparation tasks, interact with staff and peers, and surface any misunderstandings.
Post: Follow-up activities will include opportunities for you to check understanding, for staff to receive feedback from you and your peers to inform subsequent sessions, and for you to apply learning to new situations or context.
Preparation, Live and Post teaching and learning and the digital materials used will vary by course, but will be designed to help you structure your learning, take a full and active part in your course, and apply and test your developing knowledge and skills.
Learning and teaching
At Leeds Trinity we aim to provide an excellent student experience and provide you with the tools and support to help you achieve your academic, personal and professional potential.
Our Learning, Teaching and Assessment Strategy delivers excellence by providing the framework for:
high quality teaching
an engaging and inclusive approach to learning, assessment and achievement
a clear structure through which you progress in your academic studies, your personal development and towards professional-level employment or further study.
We have a strong reputation for developing student employability, supporting your development towards graduate employment, with relevant skills embedded throughout your programme of study.
We endeavour to develop curiosity, confidence, courage, ambition and aspiration in all students through the key themes in our Learning and Teaching Strategy:
Student Involvement and Engagement
Inclusion
Integrated Programme and Assessment Experience
Digital Literacy and Skills
Employability and Enterprise
To help you achieve your potential we emphasise learning as a collaborative process, with a range of student-led and real-world activities. This approach ensures that you fully engage in shaping your own learning, developing your critical thinking and reflective skills so that you can identify your own strengths and weaknesses, and use the extensive learning support system we offer to shape your own development.
We believe the secret to great learning and teaching is simple: it is about creating an inclusive learning experience that allows all students to thrive through:
Personalised support
Expert lecturers
Strong connections with employers
An international outlook
Understanding how to use tools and technology to support learning and development
Entry requirements
Leeds Trinity University is committed to recruiting students with talent and potential and who we feel will benefit greatly from their academic and non-academic experiences here. We treat every application on its own merits; we value highly the experience you illustrate in your personal statement.
Information about the large range of qualifications we accept, including A-Levels, BTECs and T Levels, can be found on our entry requirements page. If you need additional advice or are taking qualifications that are not covered in the information supplied, please contact our Admissions Office.
Leeds Trinity University is committed to recruiting students with talent and potential and who we feel will benefit greatly from their academic and non-academic experiences here. We treat every application on its own merits; we value highly the experience you illustrate in your personal statement.
The following information is designed to give you a general overview of the qualifications we accept. If you are taking qualifications that are not included below, please contact our Admissions Office who will be happy to advise you.
Entry requirements for this course:
UCAS tariff
104
GCSE requirements
GCSE in English Language or English Literature at grade C or 4 (or higher) will be required.
Part-time study is not available for international students on a Student Route Visa.
Additional costs
We advise students that there may be additional course costs in addition to annual tuition fees:
Recommended and required reading lists will be provided at the start of your course. All the books and e-books are available from our Library to borrow but you may choose to purchase your own.
On some courses there may be additional costs, such as field trips, equipment, accreditations, that may be part-funded by the University. More details will be provided at the start of the course.
You'll need to include placement/s travel and associated costs too, however the University will contribute a standard amount towards your total expenditure.
The University provides students with a £6 printing credit each academic year which can be topped up either on campus or online.
For full-time undergraduate courses, you apply through UCAS. That's the University and Colleges Admissions Service.
On your application form, you'll need to know our institution code - it's L24 - and the course code. If you click through to the UCAS website using the button below, it'll take you to the right place with all the information you need.
Undergraduate applications for September 2027 entry will open on Tuesday, 12 May 2026. You’ll be able to submit your application from Tuesday, 1 September 2026.
There's lots more information about the application process on the UCAS website, or you can get in touch with our Admissions team who will be happy to help:
call 0113 283 7123 (Monday to Thursday, 9.00am to 5.00pm, or Friday 9.00am to 4.00pm)
Providing you with the opportunity to develop the professional skills and experience you need to launch your career is at the heart of everything we do at Leeds Trinity University.
Graduates will be well prepared for careers across probation, offender rehabilitation services, community justice organisations, victim support services, local and national government, charitable organisations, policy development, and the wider criminal justice sector. The course also provides an excellent foundation for postgraduate study and research in criminology, criminal justice, social policy, and related disciplines.
Career routes include:
Probation service officer
Rehabilitation worker
Community safety practitioner
Prison and resettlement roles
Substance misuse support worker
Housing and social inclusion officer
Policy and research assistant
Criminal justice practitioner
Social policy officer
Behaviour intervention practitioner
Case management and offender support roles
Local government and public sector roles
Charity and NGO support roles.
Potential employers include probation services, prisons, local authorities, charities, community rehabilitation organisations, and policy-focused agencies.
After you graduate, Careers and Placements will help you as you pursue your chosen career through our mentoring scheme, support with CV and interview preparation and access to graduate employability events.
To find out how we can help you make your career ambitions a reality, visit:
Amelia is a Lecturer in Criminology at Leeds Trinity University with a background in Counter Terrorism and Intelligence Analysis.
Amelia teaches across a range of courses and modules within the School and serves as a Managing Director of the MISSPER Unit at Leeds Trinity University, guiding student review teams in their investigation efforts into over 16 long-term missing persons cases across the UK, Canada, Germany and Spain.
In addition to her role within the university, Amelia serves as an Intelligence Analyst at The Counterterrorism Group (CTG) and produces weekly reports for the intelligence community on a range of international events.
Qualifications
MSc in Counter Terrorism
BA (Hons) Criminology and Psychology
Speciality Areas
Counter Terrorism, Counter Terrorism Policing, Counter Terrorism Legislation, Criminology, Criminology and Sociology, and Policing.
Current Research
‘Pre and Post 9/11: An Exploration into Societal and Media Understandings of Extremist Organisations and Counter-Terrorism Preventative Measures in the United Kingdom’ (Bell, 2023) Published in the Internet Journal of Criminology - 9280ee_4048a293a610470498b00f80f1f22664.pdf
Andi is a Senior Lecturer in Criminology, Investigation and Policing at Leeds Trinity University (LTU). Until recently, he was the Head of Access, Participation and Outcomes within the Office for Institutional Equity at LTU. Andi joined LTU as a University Teacher in September 2021 to deliver the Unlocked MSc in Applied Custodial Leadership in partnership with the Unlocked Graduates. Andi transitioned from practice to Higher Education (HE) and now has Full Fellowship with the Higher Education Academy (HEA).
Previous to this transition in HE, Andi had an extensive 15-year career in Youth Justice. Andi has authored three crime and justice books, which combine his practice experience, research whilst in practice, and his lived experience of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), the care experience, school exclusion, drug addiction and youth incarceration.
Andi started his career working within the Intensive Supervision and Surveillance Programme (ISSP) with children and young people assessed as high risk, or on release from custody on intensive licence conditions. This involved project management and risk managing children and young people through engagement and participation methods. Andi won several awards for Leeds City Council while in this role by engaging children and young people and involving them in the design of projects to raise money for Martin House Hospice, which is a hospice for terminally ill children.
Having qualified in 2013, Andi then case managed prevention, diversion and high-risk justice involved children and young people within a multi-agency framework of Assessment, Plan, Intervention and Supervision (APIS). Coordinating services around children and young people to prevent them offending or committing further offences. This involved completing risk assessments and producing pre-sentence reports for Youth and Crown Court.
Andi then went on to Manage a Family Intervention Service (FIS) area team. A Leeds City Council service that works with Children and Families with Complex Needs to safely prevent Social Care involvement. Andi managed and supervised 6 Lead Family Workers and 6 Support Workers. FIS delivered Whole Family Assessments and the lead workers were responsible for delivering multi-agency family work to improve outcomes for children. This was delivered within the Common Assessment Framework (CAF).
As a result of the findings of the Prison Reform Trust's independent review of the disproportionate number of children in care and care leavers in the Criminal Justice System, Andi developed the role of the Child Looked After Specialist in Leeds. This required front line work, data collection and strategic oversight of developing policies and protocols to prevent the unnecessary criminalisation of children in care. Andi has developed countless partnerships between agencies that improve outcomes for children in Leeds, including the development and coordination of the Reducing Offending for Children Looked After (ROCLA) Panel.
Qualifications
PhD Candidate
Certificate of Effective Practice – Youth Justice
Foundation Degree – Youth Justice
Advance HE Associate Fellow
Advance HE Fellow
Working with Parents with Complex Needs NVQ
Speciality Areas
Criminology
Peer Mentors
Youth Justice
Penology
Childhood Development
Trauma Informed Practice
Current Research
Research interests
Andi has an interest in the relational experience of those who enter the Criminal Justice System and those who work within it. A particular interest in Experiential Peers and whether this type of intervention can support desistance or impact on recidivism which is the focus of his PhD Study.
Publications
Brierley A, Bruell A, McDermott D. (2024). The Role of Higher Education in Youth Justice: A ‘Child-First’ Approach to Diversion. Societies. 14(7):129. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc14070129
Brierley, A., & Myles, K. (2024). In conversation: An inside perspective of youth justice practice and experience. Probation Journal, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/02645505241241586
Brierley, A. (2023). Desistance and Practice: Where does the Experience stop and Practice begin?. Probation Quarterly, 9-13. PQ27 (squarespace.com)
Creaney, S., Burns, S., Douglas, A. M., Brierley, A., & Falconer, C. (2024). Desistance through participatory practice: involving children in decision-making processes in youth justice. In Desistance and Children (pp. 212-227). Policy Press. Desistance and Children (pp. 212-227). Policy Press. https://bristoluniversitypressdigital.com/edcollchap-oa/book/9781447369127/ch011.xml
Brierley, A. (2021). Connecting young people in trouble: Risk, relationships and lived experience with young people in trouble: Risk, relationships and lived experience. Waterside Press. Connecting with Young People in Trouble - Waterside Press
Rob Hornsby is a UK-based criminologist with extensive international networks- specialising in organised crime, violence and illegal markets. His research has examined mid-level drug distribution, county lines networks, the laundering of criminal proceeds and the role of prisons as sites of exploitation and incubators of criminal capital. He has also published widely on gun crime, cigarette smuggling, child trafficking and illicit entrepreneurship, alongside work exploring race-related urban disorder, youth crime and the political economy of illegal markets. Running through this scholarship is a sustained concern with social justice, racism and the lived realities of working-class communities.
He is the MA Criminology and Criminal Justice Programme Leader and teaches on a range of undergraduate and postgraduate modules, including Illicit Markets, Organised Crime, Current Criminological Concepts and the MA Scholarly Project. He holds a PhD from Durham University, an MA in Criminal Justice Studies and a BA in Sociology and Social Policy.
His work has appeared in leading journals such as The British Journal of Criminology, Critical Criminology and Equity in Education & Society, and in major reference collections including the Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Alongside academic publishing, he regularly contributes to public debate through media outlets including the BBC, The Conversation and regional press, translating research on organised crime and illicit economies for wider audiences.
Having entered academia as a mature student, he brings a strong commitment to widening participation and critical criminological inquiry into his teaching and supervision. Away from work, he has followed Sunderland AFC for most of his life, a loyalty that has required resilience as much as optimism.
Prison as Incubator of Criminal Capital in Illegal Drug Markets
Race Riots
Publications
Peer-reviewed journals
Hornsby, R. (2025). Babylon’s burning: An analysis of race-related rioting in the UK. Equity in Education & Society,
Hornsby, R. (forthcoming). Linesman for the county: a case study of the implementation and management of a county line drugs distribution network. The British Journal of Criminology.
Hornsby, R. and Andell, P. [2026-forthcoming] ’Imprisonment as a Site of Exploitation and Incubator of Criminal Capital in Illegal Drug Markets’ Critical Criminology
Hornsby, R. (in progress) ‘Laundering the Proceeds of Crime: A case study of a successful mid-level cocaine dealer’
Hornsby, R. [with Harvey, J. H., & Sattar, Z.] (2015). Disjointed service: An English case study of multi-agency provision in tackling child trafficking. British journal of criminology, 55(3), 494-513.
Hornsby, R. [with Antonopoulos, G. A., Hobbs, D] (2011). A soundtrack to (illegal) entrepreneurship: pirated CD/DVD selling in a Greek provincial city. The British Journal of Criminology, 51(5), 804-822.
Books
Hornsby, R., & Hobbs, D. (2020). Armed robbery (commercial). In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice.
Hornsby, R. [with Harvey, J., & Booth, D.] (2017). Trafficked, smuggled or exploited: Ignore the labels, they all involve abuse. The many faces of crime for profit and ways of tackling it, 325-348.
Harvey, J. and Hornsby, R., (2016). The criminal entrepreneur: A case study of an organised criminal family. Narratives on organised crime in Europe, 167-193.
Hornsby and Dick Hobbs [2007] Gun Crime
Hornsby, R., et al. (2006). Organised crime is……. Findings from a cross‐national review of literature. The organisation of crime for profit: Conduct, law and measurement, 17-42.
Can you give an example of a professional career highlight and/or experience that informs your teaching of your subject area?
The wonderful and often unexplained ‘stuff’ that goes on around us all. You can stand at a bus stop, a shopping trip to Asda, look at the litter blowing around in the gutter and find a worthwhile subject to research. Society-the gift that just keeps on giving!
Which fictional representation of policing or investigation do you think portrays it most accurately – and explain why?
Currently, ‘Jackson Lamb’ Head of MI5 misfits at Slough House in the spy TV series ‘Slow Horses’. A bitter, cynical, but well-meaning boss who doesn’t take fools lightly.
What do/did you enjoy the most about working in criminology/policing/sociology?
Far too many to do justice to and mention-but here’s a few-Ian Taylor/Laurie Taylor/Dick Hobbs/Georgios Antonopoulos/Steve Hall/Petrus van Duyne/Bob Lily have all inspired me. So many of the research participants I was fortunate enough to meet and work with and who gave me their trust, time, experiences, and insights to provide a better understanding of society, and of course, the current CIP staff!
Joanna joined Leeds Trinity University in 2022 as Deputy Head of School for Social Sciences. She was previously a Senior Lecturer in Criminology and Criminal Psychology at the University of Derby. Her research interests are in the areas of domestic abuse (victimisation, policing, and risk assessment) and The Dark Tetrad and she teaches on Dissertation, Social Science Skills and Professional Learning Through Work modules.
Joanna’s PhD (awarded in 2018) focused on adult and child victim perceptions of risk in domestic abuse. She is a PhD supervisor and trustee/director of the Rosalie Ryrie Foundation in Wakefield, a charity that aims to break the cycle of abusive behaviours in families.
Qualifications
PhD
PG Cert Higher Education
PG Cert Research in Psychology
MSc Forensic Psychology
BSc (Hons) Psychology
Speciality Areas
Domestic Abuse, Qualitative Research Methods
Current Research
Policing domestic abuse
The Dark Tetrad and dog breed preferences
Publications
Childs, C., Spenser, K., & Adhikari, J. (2024) “I wasn’t broken when I joined, I was when I left”: Experiences of powerlessness among women veterans. Traumatology (in press).
Hughes, S., Adhikari, J., & Goulding, K. (2021). Darker deals? Male dark tetrad preferences for female sex worker services. Heliyon, 7(7).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07389
Hughes, S., & Adhikari, J. (2021). Time wasters? The Dark Tetrad and active procrastination. Journal of Individual Differences., 43(2). https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000357
Nunn, A., Turner, R., Adhikari, J., & Brooks, C. (2021). Derbyshire Virtual School: Creative Mentoring Programme Final Report}. University of Derby. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.21498.00967
Natalie joined Leeds Trinity University in May 2020, originally as part of the team delivering the PCDA and DHEP alongside West Yorkshire Police. She wrote a number of modules and assessments and supported the work underpinning the successful Ofsted Inspection. Natalie now works on the Criminology degree programmes whilst actively researching in the areas of criminal justice and desistance with a particular focus on criminalised women. Within her teaching Natalie is passionate about the power of education to bring people together, and about creating inclusive learning environments that also relate to real-world experiences.
Before this Natalie worked at The University of Manchester, Manchester Metropolitan University and York Saint John’s University delivering and developing a range of teaching across undergraduate and postgraduate Criminology programmes. She has also given guest lectures on her research area and presented at several criminological conferences in a solo capacity but also with colleagues across the discipline. Within research, Natalie values interdisciplinary scholarship and thrives in developing projects with others.
Natalie has also worked for Probation, in research and performance and held a number of volunteering and placement roles within the criminal justice system.
Qualifications
Doctor Of Philosophy
PGCert in Learning and Teaching
MSc Criminology and Criminal Justice
BSc Criminology and Sociology
Speciality Areas
Crime, Desistance, Criminalised Women, Criminal Justice, Victimisation, Prisons, Probation, Stigmatisation, Bereavement, Grief, Loss, Trauma, Qualitative Methodologies, Narrative and Visual Research
Current Research
Natalie is interested in the role relational networks play in the desistance from crime for individuals. Whether those relationships be personal, professional or community-based, linking with the wider sociological debates of personal agency and social structures.
She is currently exploring research that considers the stigmatisation of women involved in the criminal justice system. Specifically looking to consider the role that social media plays in criminalised women’s experiences of stigma. She is also looking to expand her work in what role social media can play in the desistance process for individuals involved in the criminal justice system. Fundamentally considering whether these online environments create spaces for growth and development or labelling and stigmatisation.
Natalie is also developing a project surrounding experiences of bereavement, grief, loss and trauma within the context of probation delivery. This work aims to start conversations and develop knowledge the context of a practitioner's own experiences, the experiences of criminalised individuals and how this is then navigated within the supervisory relationship in practice.
Publications
Waite, S., Darley, D., Eden-Barnard, J., Rutter, N. and Tatton, S. (2024). Women, shame and stigma: responding to (in)justice through zine. Sociological Research Online.
Rutter, N. (2022). Negotiating bereavement and loss: influencing persistence and desistance from crime, Criminology and Criminal Justice. 22 (5), 755-773.
Gibbon, J. and Rutter, N. (2022) Social enterprise activity in prisons: evidencing innovation and co-creation to challenge institutionalised relationships. Public Money and Management. 42 (5), 323-331.
Rutter, N. and Barr, U. (2021) Being a ‘good woman’: Stigma, relationships and desistance, Probation Journal. 68 (2), 166-185.
Rutter, N. (2021). Social media: A challenge to identity and relational desistance, Probation Journal. 68 (2), 243-260.
Books
Rutter, N. (2026) Gender, Relationships and Desistance. Routledge.
Rutter, N. and Waite, S. (2026) Women, Relationships and Criminal Justice. Bristol University Press.
Rutter, N. and Eden, J. (2023). “It is nice to know that for once someone is not just saying that they’re backing your corner, they are actually fucking backing your corner”: The Significance of Relational Factors in Women’s Experiences of Probation Intervention in I. Masson and N. Booth (eds) Handbook of women’s experiences in criminal justice. Taylor and Francis.
Rutter, N. (2023). The power of listening; an ethical responsibility to understand, participate and collaborate. In K. Stockdale and M. Addison (eds) Marginalised Voices in Criminology: Theory, Criminal Justice and Contemporary Research. Routledge.
Barr, U. and Rutter, N. (2023). Desistance and the stigma machine: Being a ‘good woman’. In L. Baldwin (eds) Gendered Justice. Taylor and Francis.
Other
Waite, S., Rutter, N., Darley, D. Eden-Barnard, J. and Tatton, S. (2023). Five (rebel criminologists) go to the conference. The BSC Blog.
Barr, U. and Rutter. N (2022). On being a ‘good woman’: stigma, relationships and desistance. Working Chance Blog.
Rutter, N. (2021). Recognising bereavement experiences within probation delivery. The Probation Quarterly.
Rutter, N. (2020). Narratives of women’s community supervision: Problem gambling, shame, stigmatisation and a challenge to desistance. Howard League for Penal Reform Early Career Academics Network Bulletin. 45, 13-20.
What do you enjoy the most about working in criminology?
The variety of topics and areas we get to critically investigate, the range of opportunities and doors studying and researching within this field can bring and all the fantastic and inspirational people colleagues, students and professionals I get to meet along the way. I love that I learn something new every day that challenges my thinking, perspective and outlook.
Shaun joined Leeds Trinity University in 2023 as a Senior Lecturer in Criminology. He previously was Senior Lecturer in the Department of Behavioural and Social Sciences at the University of Huddersfield, and was a Research Fellow on the Hillsborough Independent Panel project based at the School of Law, Queen's University Belfast.
Shaun's primary research interests lie in the fields of political violence and terrorism, radicalisation, extremism, and counter-extremism.
Recently, his work has focused on Covid-sceptic social movements and far-right groups, particularly in Ireland, which builds on an extensive and ongoing portfolio of research on both Ireland and Northern Ireland.
At Trinity, Shaun teaches the modules “Victimology” and “Justice, Punishment and Human Rights” at undergraduate level, as well as modules on research methods and “Justice and Control in the 21st century” at postgraduate level.
Shaun completed his PhD at Queen's University Belfast, and is a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (FHEA) and the Royal Historical Society (FRHistS).
Qualifications
PhD (Queen’s University Belfast)
Fellow of the Higher Education Academy (FHEA)
Speciality Areas
Terrorism, Extremism and Counter-extremism, Victimology, Human Rights and State Crime, Policing divided societies.
Current Research
Shaun's research broadly focuses on terrorism, extremism and counter-extremism, particularly in relation to Ireland, Northern Ireland and Great Britain. More recently, Shaun has taken an interest in debates around radicalisation and extremism, including conspiratorial and anti-state extremism. He has also conducted research on free speech in universities and the teaching and learning of controversial topics.
Publications
Clubb, G., & McDaid, S. (2019). The causal role of ideology and Cultural Systems in radicalisation and de-radicalisation. Journal of Critical Realism, 18(5), 513-528.
McGlynn, C., & McDaid, S. (2019). Radicalisation and higher education: Students’ understanding and experiences. Terrorism and Political Violence, 31(3), 559-576.
Ferguson, N., McDaid, S., & McAuley, J. W. (2018). Social movements, structural violence, and conflict transformation in Northern Ireland: The role of loyalist paramilitaries. Peace and conflict: Journal of peace psychology, 24(1), 19.
Kovras, I., McDaid, S., & Hjalmarsson, R. (2018). Truth commissions after economic crises: political learning or blame game?. Political Studies, 66(1), 173-191.
Lewis, M., & McDaid, S. (2017). Bosnia on the border? Republican violence in Northern Ireland during the 1920s and 1970s. Terrorism and Political Violence, 29(4), 635-655.
Books
Radicalisation and Counter-Radicalisation in Higher Education (Emerald, 2018). With C. McGlynn.
Template for Peace: Northern Ireland, 1972-1975 (Manchester University Press, 2013).
Chapters in books
McDaid, S. (2023). Pogroms, presence, myth and memory: August 1969 and the outbreak of the Northern Ireland conflict. In Troubles of the past? (pp. 37-55). Manchester University Press.
McDaid, S., & McAuley, J. (2023). Radical right-wing politics on the island of Ireland. In The Routledge Handbook of Far-Right Extremism in Europe (pp. 244-257). Routledge.
Podcast Credits
Invited guest, “From Troubles to the Good Friday Agreement. And what's next for Northern Ireland amid Brexit?” The Global Agora Podcast, 15 April 2023.
Invited guest, “Radicalisation and Counter Radicalisation in Higher Education”, Secrets and Spies Podcast, 17 June 2022
Within your field, who do you most admire and why?
I am an historian by background, but when it comes to Criminology, I would have to say Professor Phil Scraton, a well-known critical criminologist and author of Hillsborough: The Truth. Phil has for many years scrutinised state power and injustice, and his work helped the victims of Hillsborough to “set the record straight” about that tragedy. But his research goes well beyond Hillsborough, exploring issues of injustice and the abuse of power in other settings such as the prisons system. I worked under Phil’s management as a researcher for the Hillsborough Independent Panel report after I completed my PhD, and I learned a great deal from him that I still draw upon to this day.
Which fictional representation of policing or investigation do you think portrays it most accurately – and explain why?
I would recommend the French drama “Spiral” (Engrenages) which was shown on BBC4 some years ago. It gives an interesting insight into the French criminal investigation process, which is judge-led, in contrast to the system here in the UK. It also isn’t afraid to tackle difficult issues such as political corruption, morally questionable or unethical police procedures, or wicked social problems such as the impact of inequality. It’s also brilliantly acted, with lots of sharp – and not always very polite – dialogue.
What do you enjoy the most about working in criminology?
I enjoy the fact that the subject area is truly interdisciplinary. To really understand some of the big social challenges like crime, punishment, human rights and state power, you can bring in history, politics, economics, psychology sociology and so on. I also believe a real strength of this subject is the fact that we don’t shy away from challenging or difficult topics – we confront them head on.
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